National Honey Bee Day, an awareness day started by beekeepers in the United States to build community awareness of the bee industry, through education and promotion is celebrated in August with a simple concept of bringing together beekeepers, bee associations as well as other interested groups to connect with the communities to advance beekeeping.
The little creatures have extraordinary abilities and benefits for humans. Read on for some fascinating facts on the buzzing bugs!!!
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1. Apis mellifera or the honey bee has been around for millions of years, classified as insects are environmentally friendly and are super important pollinators for flowers, fruits and vegetables.
2. Honey bees have 6 legs, 5 eyes (2 compound eyes made of thousands of tiny lenses, one on each side of the head and 3 simple eyes on the top of the head), 2 pairs of wings, a nectar pouch and a stomach.
4. The honey bee's wings stroke incredibly fast, about 200 beats per second, thus making their famous, distinctive buzz. A honey bee can fly for up to six miles, and as fast as 15 miles per hour.
5. The bee's brain is oval in shape and only about the size of a sesame seed, yet it has remarkable capacity to learn and remember things and is able to make complex calculations on distance travelled and foraging efficiency.
6. Honey bees live in hives (or colonies). The members of the hive are divided into three types:
Queen: One queen runs the whole hive and can live upto 5 years. Her job is to lay the eggs that will spawn the hive’s next generation of bees.
If she uses stored sperm to fertilize the egg, the larva that hatches is female. If the egg is left unfertilized, the larva that hatches is male. In other words, female bees inherit genes from their mothers and their fathers while male bees inherit only genes from their mothers.
The queen also produces chemicals that guide the behaviour of the other bees.
Workers: these are all female, live upto 6 weeks and their roles are to forage for food (pollen and nectar from flowers), build and protect the hive, clean and circulate air by beating their wings. Workers are the only bees most people ever see flying around outside the hive. All work, no play!!!
Drones: These are the male bees, and their purpose is to mate with the new queen. Several hundred live in each hive during the spring and summer. But come winter, when the hive goes into survival mode, the drones are kicked out! No work at all!!!
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8. Royal Jelly is a milky substance produced in a special gland in the worker bee's head. For her whole life the Queen is fed Royal Jelly by the workers.
9. Propolis is a sticky substance that bees collect from the buds of trees. Bees use propolis to weatherproof their hive against drafts or in spots where rain might leak in.
10. The average worker bee produces about 1/12th teaspoon of honey in her lifetime. It takes one ounce of honey to fuel a bee's flight around the world.
11. A single beehive can make more than 100 pounds (45 kg) of extra honey. The beekeeper only harvests the extra honey made by the bees.
12. During winter, honey bees feed on the honey they collected during the warmer months. They form a tight cluster in their hive to keep the queen and themselves warm.
13. It is the only insect that produces food (honey) eaten by man. Honey is the only food that includes all the necessary substances to sustain life like enzymes, vitamins, mineral and is the only food that contains “pinocembrin”, an antioxidant associated with improved brain functioning.
14. Bees carry pollen on their hind legs called a pollen basket. Pollen is a source of protein for the hive and is needed to feed to the baby bees to help them grow.
15. Each honey bee colony has a unique odour for members' identification.
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16. Bees communicate through chemical scents called pheromones and through special bee dances. Brilliant boogiers!!!
17. Honey has natural preservatives and bacteria can't grow in it.18. Honey was found in the tombs in Egypt and it was still edible! Bees have been here around 30 million years.
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19. Honey comes in different colours and flavours. The flower where the nectar was gathered from determines the flavour and colour of the honey.
20. Sadly, over the past 15 years, colonies of bees have been disappearing, and the reason remains unknown. Referred to as 'colony collapse disorder', billions of Honey bees across the world are leaving their hives, never to return.
References:
http://www.benefits-of-honey.com/honey-bee-facts.html
http://www.ontariohoney.ca/kids-zone/bee-facts
New Castle and District Beekeepers' Association
National Geographic